Pump



June 10, 1952 w ARNOLD 2,599,600

PUMP

Filed Nov. 15, 1946 Patented June 10, 1952 PUMP Albert W. Arnold, Beverly Hills, Calif assignor to Cascade Pump Company, Los Angeles, Calif., a corporation of California Application November 15, 1946, Serial N 0. 710,210

8 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to a pump.

It is desirable that a pump be eflicient in operation and yet comprise few simple parts which require a minimum amount of attention and operate for a long period of time before replace ment of any of the parts is necessary.

It is therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a pump having these desirable features.

A specific object of the present invention is to provide an improved rotary pump having a rotor with a plurality of flexible or resilient vanes which are deformed in one revolution thereof, the pump being characterized by a structure which contributes to long operating life of such resilient vanes. I

Another specific object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement in a rotary pump having a rotor with a plurality of flexible or resilient vanes which are deformed in one revolution thereof, the pump being characterized by a structure which assures a maximum amount of fluid between adjacent vanes thereby to assure high efficiency operation.

The features of the present invention which are believed to be novel are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. This invention itself, both as to its organization and manner of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may be best understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a pump struc ture embodying the present invention coupled to a driving pulley. I

Figure 2 is a View in elevation of the interior of the pump shown in Figure 1 with the end cover Ill removed and corresponds to a sectional View taken substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; and.

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken substantially on line 3--3 of Figure 2. y

The pump II is driven by the pulley I2 secured on the pump rotary shaft 13 to pump a fluid such as water, oil, gas or the like entering the inlet I4 and leaving the outlet 15, the liquid 4 through the pump following the general path in dicated by the arrowed line I 5. I

The inlet and outlet I4, I5 are preferably formed integrally with the pump housing I71 and extend in the direction of one another on a line which is located at a relatively large distance from the center of rotation of the pump shaft l 3, the shaft I 3 itself being journaled for rotation in the end covers I0, 20 or extensions thereof in association with liquid tight seals which may be of conventional design.

Shaft l3 has affixed thereto the resilient, flexible or elastic rotary element 22 which may be of neoprene, rubber or other similar material which does not deteriorate appreciably in a chemical sense when brought into contact with the particular liquid pumped.

Preferably, this rotary element 22 affixed to shaft I3 and housed between covers II), 20 in housing I1 has eight equally dimensioned vanes 24 to 3|, inclusive, arranged in a symmetrical balanced pattern. As indicated in Figure 3, the side walls of the rotary resilient element 22 are straight and mutually parallel and are arranged to closely abut the inner surfaces of the covers I0, 20 thereby to provide good liquid tight seals.

The vanes 24 to 3|, inclusive, revolve about the center of shaft I3 within thehousing l1 and abuts the cylindrical inner wall 32 thereof. This cylindrical wall 32 lies on a circle drawn with the point 34 as a center, the point 34 being spaced a slight amount from the center of rotation of shaft [3, in which case the circle of rotation defined by the outer tip of any one of the equally dimensional vanes 24 to 3|, inclusive, (if such vanes were not deflected by easing I1) is eccentrically located with respect to the circle defining wall 32 whereby each one of the vanes 24 to 3|, inclusive, are deflected in increased amounts when and as they travel from the beginning point 31 to the terminating point 38 on the wall 32.

Immediately after each of such vanes 24 to 3I pass the point 38, they enter the enlarged region 39 immediately adjacent the cylindrical wall 40 having its radius or curvature at the center of rotation of shaft l3 and a radius greater than the distance from such center to the outer tip or radius of the vanes 24 to 3|, whereby the vanes are relieved of stresses exerted thereon and they spring out into the region 39 and oscillate about their individual longitudinal axis of symmetry to produce alternate stressing of the resilient mate- I rial in alternate directions until the energy originally stored therein due to deformation pro- .duced by wall 32 is dissipated.

The provision of this enlarged region 3 9 wherein the vanes 24 to 3| may oscillate is an important feature of the present invention in that it contributes to long life of the resilient material thereof by preventing set in the material.

Another important feature of the present invention resides in the structure of the beginning of circular wall 32 at its beginning point 31. The

wall 32 is what I term serrated as shown in Figure 2 and 3, the edge having cut-out portions 45, 46 and 41 through which the fluid to be pumped may flow in between adjacent vanes due to creation of a partial vacuum therebetween when and as the trailing vane of the tow engages the beginning point 31. This partial vacuum arises from the fact that the space designated 48 in Figure 2, as an example, becomes larger and larger when and as the vane 21 engages and travels over the serrated edge until this space assumes its largest volume when the vane 21 closes off the flow of liquid through the openings 45, 46, 41, the increase in volume being due to the fact that during the period of travel considered, the vane 21 is deflected to the right in Figure 2, a greater amount than is the vane 28 with the result that the spacing between vanes 21 and 28 is increased. These cutout portions 45, 46, 41 thus serve as a bypass to place opposite sides of the vane members in communication thereby to partially equalize pressure differences.

Further, as vane 21 passes through the en'- larged region 39 and reaches the point 31 at the leading edge of the serrated section, the velocity of this vane is greatly diminished or reduced to zero for an instant while at the same time, vane 23 moves away from vane 27, thereby creating a substantial vacuum in the space between vanes 21 and 28 which causes liquid to be drawn within such space or cavity 43'through serrations or bypasses 45, 46 and 4'! until such cavity 48 is filled or is substantially filled with liquid. Continued rotation of the rotor advances vane 21 to a point indicated in Figure 2 where the serrations are passed to thereby seal the fluid in the cavity 48 between vanes 21 and 28. As the rotor continues to rotate further, the capacity or space 48 becomes smaller and causes a progressively increasing pressure to be exerted against the preceding vane 29. Such increasing pressure against vane 29 is in turn transmitted by means of the fluid between vanes 29 and 3G to the vane 30 in which case, substantially equal and opposite pressure on the opposite sides of vanes 28, 29 and 30 do not cause substantial movements of the vanes 28, 29 and 3b and hence, vanes 28, 29 and 30 remain rigid. As a consequence, fluid forced out at port I is under great pressure inasmuch as vane 3| is deflected substantially its maximum amount and is now an obstruction to further travel of liquid. Thus, the pressure of the liquid between vanes 38 and 3! is greater than the pressure of the liquid between vanes 29 and 30, which latter pressure is greater than the pressure of the liquid between vanes 28 and 29 and further, the pressure of the liquid between vanes 28 and 29 is greater than the pressure of the liquid between vanes 21 and 28, and, as a consequence, there is a beginning edge of this steady and constant delivery of fluid through the port [5.

Thus, provisions are made for increasing the 7 volume between adjacent vanes at the beginning iii will be obvious to those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from this invention in its broader aspects and, therefore, the aim in the appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.

I claim:

1. A rotary pump having a rotor with a plurality of spaced deformable vane members, a casing with a chamber defined in part by a cylindrical peripheral wall of said casing, said peripheral wall being eccentrically located with respect to the axis of rotation of said vane members, said casing having an inlet and an outlet in communication with said chamber, each of said vane members being arranged to move in succession from a position out of engagement with said wall to a position into engagement with said wall to thereby produce pumping cavities of variable volume which are defined by adjacent vane members and said wall, and a bypass in said peripheral wall eflective when one of said vane members initially engages said peripheral wall and expands its corresponding pumping chamber to place opposite sides of said one vane member in communication with each other and with said inlet.

2. The invention defined in claim 1 characterized by the fact that said bypass is provided by serrating the peripheral wall.

3. A rotary pump having a rotor with a plurality of spaced deformable vane members, a casing with a chamber defined, in part, by a pcripheral wall arranged in the path of movement of said vane members thereby to deflect the same to produce pumping cavities of variable volume which are defined by adjacent vane members and said wall, means rotatably supporting said rotor in eccentric relationship to said wall, said casing having an inlet and an outlet in communication with said chamber, said chamber having an enlarged portion within which said vane members enter in succession without engagement to thereby relieve stresses produced in said vane members by their engagement with said peripheral wall, and a bypass in said peripheral wall effective when one of said vane members initially engages said peripheral wall and expands its corresponding pumping cavity to place opposite sides of said one vane member in communication with each other and with said inlet.

4. A rotary pump having a rotor with a plurality of spaced deformable vane members, a casing with a chamber defined, in part, by a peripheral wall in the path of movement of said vane members to produce deflection thereof, means rotatably supporting said rotor with respect to said casing in eccentric relationship to said peripheral wall, said casing having an inlet and an outlet in communication with said chamber, each of said vane members moving in succession from a position out of engagement with said wall to a position into engagement with said wall to thereby produce pumping cavities of variable volume which are defined by adjacent vanes and said wall, and a bypass in said wall effective when one of said vane members initially engages said peripheral wall and expands its corresponding pumping cavity to place opposite sides of said one vane member in communication with each other and with said inlet.

5. A rotary pump having a rotor with a plurality of spaced deformable vane members, a casing with a chamber defined, in part, by a periph eral wall arranged in the path of movement of said vane members to produce deflection thereof, said casing having an inlet and an outlet in com munication with said chamber, means rotatably supporting said rotor in said casing in eccentric relationship to said peripheral wall, each of said vane members being arranged to move in succession into engagement with said wall to thereby produce pumping cavities of variable volume which are defined by adjacent vanes and said wall, a bypass in said peripheral wall eiiective when one of said vane members initially engages said peripheral wall andv expands its corresponding pumping chamber to place opposite sides of said one vane member in communication with each other and with said inlet, and said casing having an enlarged portion into which said vane members enter without engagement with the casing.

6. In a rotary pump of the type having a casing with a chamber defined by a peripheral wall which is arranged to deflect deformable vane members on a rotor and to thereby produce pumping cavities of variable volume, and wherein said casing is provided with an inlet and an outlet in communication with said chamber, and wherein said rotor is rotatably mounted in said casing in eccentric relationship to said peripheral wall with said vane members moving from a position out of engagement with said wall to a position into engagement with said wall, the improvement which resides in providing a bypass in said well effective when one of said vane members initially engages said peripheral wall and expands its corresponding pumping cavity to place opposite sides of said one vane member in communication with each other and with said inlet to at least partially equalize the pressure differenoe resulting from deflection of said one vane member.

7. In a rotary pump having a plurality of rdtatable spaced deformable vane members, a rotor, means mounting said vane members on said rotor, a casing with a relatively stationary chamber defined, in part, by a peripheral wall arranged in the path of movement of said vane members to produce deflection thereof, means rotatably supporting said rotor with respect to said casing in eccentric relationship to said peripheral wall, said chamber having an enlarged portion into which said vane members enter without engagement with said casing, said casing having an inlet and an outlet in communication with said chamber, said peripheral wall being engaged by said vane members in succession when and as they leave said enlarged portion to cause deflect-ion of corresponding ones of said vane members to thereby produce pumping cavities of variable volume which are defined by adjacent vane members and said peripheral Wall, a portion of said peripheral wali being "serrated or peripherally grooved to provide a bypass in said peripheral wall, said bypass being effective when one of said vane mem" bers initially engages said peripheral wall and expands its corresponding pumping chamber to place opposite external sides of said corresponding one vane member in communication with each other and with said inlet.

8. In a rotary pump or" the type having a naeing with a chamber having a peripheral wall arranged to deflect rotatable deformable vane members to produce pumping cavities of variable volume which are defined by adjacent vanes and said wall and wherein said casing has an inlet and an outlet in communication with said chamber, wherein said vane members are mounted on a rotor which is rotatably supported in said casing with said vane members in eccentric relationship to said peripheral Wall, the improvement which resides in providing an enlarged portion in said chamber within which said vane members enter without their outer peripheries touching said chamber to the -eby allow oscillations of said vane members therein by the forces originally stored therein by deflection thereofland a bypass in said peripheral wall effective when one of said vane members initially engages said peripheral wall and expands its corresponding pumping cavity to place opposite external sides or said one vane member in communication with each other and with said inlet, said bypass being closed off when the corresponding pumping cavity has reached its maximum volume.

ALBERT W. ARNOLD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,043,936 Hope Nov. 12, 1912 1,086,488 Wachter Feb. 10, 1914 1,296,500 Frodsham Mar. 4, 1919 2,189,356 Briggs Feb. 6, 1940 2,258,371 Wernert Oct. 7, 1941 2,455,194 Rumsey Nov. 30, 1948 2,460,421 Kincannon Feb. 1, 1949 

